In this article, we will explore together the most iconic films of the cyberpunk genre , as well as some unknown gems that deserve to be discovered. The genre that is not so far from steampunk for its literary roots fascinates us all. We will review the origins of cyberpunk in cinema, the recurring themes and tropes, and finally, the impact of this genre on current and future cinematic productions.
Whether you are a die-hard fan or simply curious to learn more about this fascinating genre, this article is for you! So, get ready to dive into the captivating world of cyberpunk and discover films that have marked the history of cinema.
Origins of Cyberpunk Movies
But what exactly is cyberpunk?
Welcome to the fascinating world of cyberpunk, a science fiction genre that combines advanced technology with a dark, dystopian atmosphere. Emerging in the 1980s, cyberpunk captivated audiences with its futuristic vision and philosophical questions about humanity and technology. This genre is characterized by hyperconnected worlds, advances in cybernetics and artificial intelligence, and a strong contrast between the elite and the underprivileged social classes.
Cyberpunk has left an indelible mark on popular culture, influencing not only cinema, but also science fiction literature, comics, music, and video games. Cyberpunk films have become a source of inspiration for many science fiction artists and filmmakers, who take the genre's themes and aesthetics to create original and captivating works. Cyberpunk has also spawned a cultural movement and style of clothing that reflects this fascination with futurism and technology.
Literary Roots of Cyberpunk
Before it made its way into the world of cinema, cyberpunk first took root in science fiction literature. Visionary authors such as William Gibson, Philip K. Dick , and Bruce Sterling laid the foundations for the genre with works such as "Neuromancer," "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?", and "Schismatrix." These novels laid the foundations for the genre by exploring ethical and philosophical questions surrounding technology while depicting dark, dystopian futuristic worlds .
First examples of science fiction in cinema
Cyberpunk got its start on the silver screen with avant-garde science fiction films that captured the essence of the genre. Early forays into cinema included the groundbreaking “Tron” (1982) and David Cronenberg’s “Videodrome” (1983), which explored the effects of technology on the human psyche. However, it was Ridley Scott ’s Blade Runner , an adaptation of Philip K. Dick’s novel, that really took off.
Top 20 Best Cyberpunk Movies
These 20 cyberpunk movies offer a diverse and exciting panorama of the science fiction universe. From essential classics to more recent works, these films tackle deep and current themes such as technology, artificial intelligence, virtual reality and the ethical issues of innovation. If you are a fan of science fiction and reflections on the future of our society, this list guarantees you many hours of entertainment and inspiration.
1. Blade Runner (1982) - Ridley Scott
Based on Philip K. Dick's novel "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?", the story follows Rick Deckard (Harrison Ford), a "Blade Runner" tasked with tracking down and eliminating replicants, androids designed to resemble humans. The plot takes place in a futuristic and dystopian Los Angeles , with sumptuous settings and the oppressive atmosphere typical of film noir .
This science fiction masterpiece stands out for its striking visual aesthetic and its captivating sound ambiance, carried by Vangelis' soundtrack. The film raises philosophical and ethical questions around humanity, artificial intelligence and identity, which makes it all the more captivating.
However, some viewers may find Blade Runner to be slow and contemplative, as well as lacking in action compared to other cyberpunk films. Additionally, the story can seem complex and difficult to grasp upon first viewing. Despite these few drawbacks, this science fiction film remains a major work of science fiction cinema and a must-see for fans of the cyberpunk genre. Its impact and reach can still be felt today, with sequels and homages continuing to expand on the story.
2. Matrix (1999) - Lana and Andy Wachowski
The plot follows Thomas Anderson , aka Neo (played by Keanu Reeves), a computer programmer, who discovers that the world he lives in is nothing more than a simulation, the Matrix, created by machines to enslave humanity. Guided by Morpheus (Laurence Fishburne) and Trinity (Carrie-Anne Moss), Neo embarks on a rebellion against these machines to free humanity.
The film stands out for its revolutionary special effects for its time, including the famous "bullet time" that has been widely imitated and parodied since. The dark and futuristic aesthetic, inspired by works such as Ghost in the Shell, contributes to the captivating atmosphere of The Matrix. The screenplay, meanwhile, raises philosophical questions about the nature of reality, freedom, and the human condition in the face of machines, which enriches the cinematic experience.
However, some might criticize the film for its sometimes uneven pace, with long martial arts demonstrations and sometimes overly explanatory dialogues. In addition, the complexity of the plot may leave some viewers perplexed. Nevertheless, The Matrix remains a masterpiece of the cyberpunk genre and an essential reference for science fiction and action fans.
3. Akira (1988) - Katsuhiro Otomo
A Japanese animated film that marked the history of science fiction cinema. Adapted from the eponymous manga by Otomo, the plot takes place in a futuristic and dystopian Tokyo, called Neo-Tokyo , ravaged by conflicts and social tensions. The film follows Kaneda, a young member of a biker gang, and his friend Tetsuo, who acquires telekinetic powers after an accident. Tetsuo is then confronted by military and political forces who try to exploit him, while Kaneda seeks to save him.
Visually stunning, Akira is often praised for its quality animation, rich set pieces, and striking cyberpunk aesthetic. The soundtrack, which combines traditional percussion and synthesizers, reinforces the film's unique and gripping atmosphere. The story explores deep themes such as friendship, power, corruption, and the quest for identity, which add an extra dimension to the plot.
However, some viewers might be confused by the complexity of the storyline and the density of the characters, making the story difficult to follow at times. In addition, some scenes of violence and destruction might not appeal to all audiences. Nevertheless, Akira remains an essential masterpiece of Japanese animation and the cyberpunk genre, having inspired many directors and creators around the world.
4. Ghost in the Shell (1995) - Mamoru Oshii
Ghost in the Shell is another Japanese anime film that marked the cyberpunk genre. It follows the story of Motoko Kusanagi , a cyborg working for Section 9, an anti-terrorist unit. The plot revolves around the hunt for a hacker nicknamed "The Puppeteer" and addresses questions of identity, consciousness, and the fusion between man and machine.
5. Terminator 2 (1991) - James Cameron
In this film, the future is a devastated world where machines and Skynet reign supreme. This sequel no longer focuses on Sarah Connor , but on the cyborg, the Terminator T-800 (Arnold Schwarzenegger), who is sent into the past to protect John Connor (Edward Furlong), the future leader of the human resistance, against another more advanced and sophisticated cyborg, the T-1000 (Robert Patrick), who is also sent into the past to kill him. The film is a true visual and sound feat, with breathtaking special effects and a soundtrack that adds to the dystopian atmosphere of the film. In addition, the relationship that develops between characters like Sarah Connor, the Terminator and John Connor gives an emotional side to the film and adds an extra dimension to the plot.
Visually stunning for its time, the film offers breathtaking action scenes. However, while the plot is captivating and the characters endearing, some might criticize a certain Manichaeism in the representation of good and evil. Nevertheless, Terminator 2 remains a classic of the genre and a must-see in cyberpunk cinema.
6. Ex Machina (2014) - Alex Garland
Ex Machina is a science fiction thriller that addresses the issue of artificial intelligence and consciousness. The story focuses on Caleb, a programmer
invited by an eccentric billionaire to test the consciousness of an android named Ava. This film poses complex ethical and philosophical questions about the nature of AI and its place in our society.
7. Total Recall (1990) - Paul Verhoeven
Total Recall, based on the short story "Total Recall" by Philip K. Dick, is a science fiction action film that takes us into a captivating cyberpunk universe. The film follows Douglas Quaid (played by Arnold Schwarzenegger), a factory worker who decides to take a virtual vacation to Mars through a memory implant. However, the experiment goes awry, and Quaid finds himself caught up in a complex conspiracy where he must untangle fact from fiction to discover his true identity.
Total Recall stands out for its futuristic settings and cyberpunk atmosphere, which contribute to creating a rich and immersive universe. The script skillfully mixes action, humor and twists, while raising philosophical questions about memory, reality and identity. The action scenes, carried by the charismatic performance of Schwarzenegger , are spectacular and effectively pace the film.
However, some criticism could be leveled at Total Recall, particularly regarding the violence and the overkill of special effects, which may seem exaggerated to some viewers. In addition, the complexity of the plot and the many twists and turns could make the film difficult to follow for those who are not familiar with the universe of Philip K. Dick .
8. Strange Days (1995) - Kathryn Bigelow
Strange Days is a cyberpunk thriller set in the last days of the 20th century. The plot follows Lenny Nero, a former cop turned record dealer who uses illegal technology to relive other people's experiences. The film raises questions about surveillance, virtual reality, and the excesses of technology.
9. Johnny Mnemonic (1995) - Robert Longo
In Johnny Mnemonic, Keanu Reeves plays a "data carrier" who uses his own brain to store sensitive information. When a mission goes wrong, Johnny finds himself hunted by criminal organizations and corrupt agents. The film explores themes such as memory, virtual reality, and technology addiction.
10. eXistenZ (1999) - David Cronenberg
eXistenZ is a science fiction film that explores the boundaries between reality and virtuality. The story follows a video game designer and a marketing consultant who are immersed in a virtual reality game that leads them into a spiral of doubt and paranoia. This film raises questions about the consequences of total immersion in virtual worlds and the dangers of technology.
11. RoboCop (1987) - Paul Verhoeven
RoboCop is a science fiction action film set in a near future where crime is on the rise. The story follows Alex Murphy, a fatally injured police officer who is transformed into a cyborg by an unscrupulous corporation. The film explores issues of corporatism, corruption, and humanity in a Detroit city dominated by technology.
12. New York 1997 (1981) - John Carpenter
A cult science fiction film that plunges us into a dystopian future where Manhattan has become an open-air prison, abandoned by the authorities. The hero, Snake Plissken , played by Kurt Russell, is a former soldier and hardened criminal, who is entrusted with a perilous mission: to save the President of the United States (Donald Pleasence) whose plane crashed in the heart of this lawless zone. Snake has only 24 hours to succeed in his mission, or risk losing his life due to an injection of micro-explosives. Throughout this thrilling adventure, he must face various gangs and enemies to achieve his goal. New York 1997 offers a dark and chaotic setting, served by an electro soundtrack and colorful characters, making this film a classic of the cyberpunk genre.
13. Ready Player One (2018) - Steven Spielberg
Ready Player One, adapted from the eponymous novel by Ernest Cline, is a science fiction and adventure film that immerses us in the multiverse. The story takes place in 2045, in a world where people escape from their gloomy reality by connecting to the OASIS, a virtual reality universe. The protagonist, Wade Watts (played by Tye Sheridan), takes part in a treasure hunt launched by the creator of the OASIS, the prize of which is control of this virtual universe and a colossal fortune.
The film shines with its spectacular direction, with stunning special effects and breathtaking action sequences. Ready Player One is a true homage to the pop culture of the 80s and 90s, full of references and winks that will delight fans of this era. The universe of the OASIS is fascinating and immersive, offering a unique and entertaining cinematic experience.
However, some might criticize Ready Player One for a lack of depth in exploring its themes, such as virtual reality and its implications on society. In addition, the abundance of references and visual details can sometimes give an impression of overload and superficiality, making the story less captivating for those who are not familiar with geek culture.
14. Upgrade (2018) - Leigh Whannell
Upgrade is a science fiction action film that tells the story of Grey, a man paralyzed after an assault, who is implanted with a microchip that allows him to regain the use of his limbs. The film explores the consequences of human augmentation and the potential dangers of artificial intelligence.
15. The Fifth Element (1997) - Luc Besson
The Fifth Element is a science fiction film set in the distant future where Earth is threatened by an evil force. The story follows Korben Dallas, a former military man turned taxi driver, who finds himself caught up in the quest to save humanity. The film combines action, humor, and a futuristic world rich in detail.
16. Dredd (2012) – Pete Travis
In this dystopian action film, Judge Dredd, played by Karl Urban, is tasked with enforcing the law in a megacity ravaged by violence and crime. The film explores themes of corruption, summary justice and surveillance in a dark and brutal science fiction universe.
17. Hackers (1995) - Iain Softley
Hackers is a cult classic that follows a group of young hackers fighting against a corrupt corporation and a menacing computer virus. While some aspects of the film may seem dated, Hackers remains a benchmark in the cyberpunk genre for its exploration of hacker culture and the impact of technology on our society.
18. Tron (1982) - Steven Lisberger
Tron is a science fiction film that tells the story of Kevin Flynn, an aspiring programmer, who is sucked into a digital world and must fight for his survival in a deadly game. This film is not only revolutionary for its special effects, but also for its avant-garde vision of virtual reality and computing.
19. Gattaca (1997) - Andrew Niccol
Gattaca is a science fiction film close to biopunk that takes place in a future where genetic manipulation is the norm and society is divided between genetically modified individuals and those who are not. The story follows Vincent, a "natural" man who tries to realize his dream of going into space by usurping the identity of a genetically superior man. This film addresses questions of ethics, discrimination and genetic determinism in a realistic and disturbing cyberpunk universe.
20. Minority Report (2002) - Steven Spielberg
Minority Report, directed by Steven Spielberg in 2002 and inspired by the novel by Philip K. Dick, is a science fiction and cyberpunk thriller film that takes us to a near future where the police are able to predict and prevent crimes before they happen. The film follows John Anderton (played by Tom Cruise), a "Precrime" officer, who finds himself accused of a murder he has not yet committed and must then prove his innocence.
Minority Report's futuristic universe is brilliantly staged, with impressive sets and quality special effects. The film's art direction is particularly successful, mixing a dark cyberpunk aesthetic with more optimistic and futuristic elements. The screenplay, meanwhile, is captivating and rich in suspense, while raising ethical and philosophical questions about free will, surveillance and justice.
The Impact of Cyberpunk Films on Future Cinema
Influence on visual storytelling
The cyberpunk genre has profoundly influenced the way stories are told in cinema. Cyberpunk films pushed the boundaries of special effects and visual design, delivering believable and immersive futuristic worlds. This innovative approach to visual storytelling inspires many filmmakers today, who seek to create unique cinematic experiences by pushing the boundaries of technology and art.
Cyberpunk has also contributed to the evolution of the themes addressed in science fiction films. Issues related to artificial intelligence, virtual reality and body modification, once marginal, are now at the heart of many cinematic works. Cyberpunk's influence is also felt in the way films address social, political and environmental issues, offering a unique perspective on the challenges facing our society.
Expectations for upcoming science fiction films
With the continued rise of technology and the growing interest in the ethical and philosophical questions it raises, we can expect the cyberpunk genre to continue to thrive in the years to come. Fans eagerly await new works that will both push the boundaries of cinema and offer insightful reflections on our relationship with technology and our shared future.
Together, we explored iconic films in the cyberpunk genre, from “Blade Runner” to “The Matrix,” to lesser-known gems like “Strange Days” and “eXistenZ.” These seminal works have helped shape the current cinematic landscape and enrich our understanding of how technology impacts our lives.
Cyberpunk is more than just a film genre; it is a reflection of our hopes, fears, and visions of the future. By exploring the possibilities of technology and addressing ethical and philosophical questions, cyberpunk invites us to rethink our relationship with the world around us and imagine new ways of living together.
We hope this article has made you want to (re)discover the cyberpunk genre and dive into these fascinating worlds.